Transhumance and Transhumant Pastoralism

Transhumant pastoralism denotes a socio-ecological strategy characterized by the cyclic movement of livestock herds between distinct altitudinal zones, orchestrated to optimize resource utilization in response to seasonal fluctuations. This age-old practice reflects a nuanced symbiosis between human agency, animal husbandry, and ecological dynamics, fostering

Pastoral Nomadism: Origins and Characteristics

Pastoral nomadism is a distinctive form of pastoralism that centers on the herding of livestock to locate fresh grazing pastures. Unlike transhumance, which maintains fixed seasonal pastures, pastoral nomads follow an irregular pattern of movement, adapting to the dynamic environmental conditions. What is Pastoral